/* Copyright (c) 2003 The Nutch Organization. All rights reserved. */ /* Use subject to the conditions in http://www.nutch.org/LICENSE.txt. */ package net.nutch.searcher; import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Token; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.TokenStream; import net.nutch.searcher.Summary.*; import net.nutch.analysis.NutchDocumentAnalyzer; /** Implements hit summarization. */ public class Summarizer { /** The number of context terms to display preceding and following matches.*/ private static final int SUM_CONTEXT = 5; /** The total number of terms to display in a summary.*/ private static final int SUM_LENGTH = 20; /** Converts text to tokens. */ private static final Analyzer ANALYZER = new NutchDocumentAnalyzer(); /** * Class Excerpt represents a single passage found in the * document, with some appropriate regions highlit. */ class Excerpt { Vector passages = new Vector(); SortedSet tokenSet = new TreeSet(); int numTerms = 0; /** */ public Excerpt() { } /** */ public void addToken(String token) { tokenSet.add(token); } /** * Return how many unique toks we have */ public int numUniqueTokens() { return tokenSet.size(); } /** * How many fragments we have. */ public int numFragments() { return passages.size(); } public void setNumTerms(int numTerms) { this.numTerms = numTerms; } public int getNumTerms() { return numTerms; } /** * Add a frag to the list. */ public void add(Fragment fragment) { passages.add(fragment); } /** * Return an Enum for all the fragments */ public Enumeration elements() { return passages.elements(); } } /** Returns a summary for the given pre-tokenized text. */ public Summary getSummary(String text, Query query) throws IOException { // Simplistic implementation. Finds the first fragments in the document // containing any query terms. // // TODO: check that phrases in the query are matched in the fragment Token[] tokens = getTokens(text); // parse text to token array if (tokens.length == 0) return new Summary(); String[] terms = query.getTerms(); HashSet highlight = new HashSet(); // put query terms in table for (int i = 0; i < terms.length; i++) highlight.add(terms[i]); // // Create a SortedSet that ranks excerpts according to // how many query terms are present. An excerpt is // a Vector full of Fragments and Highlights // SortedSet excerptSet = new TreeSet(new Comparator() { public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) { Excerpt excerpt1 = (Excerpt) o1; Excerpt excerpt2 = (Excerpt) o2; if (excerpt1 == null && excerpt2 != null) { return -1; } else if (excerpt1 != null && excerpt2 == null) { return 1; } else if (excerpt1 == null && excerpt2 == null) { return 0; } int numToks1 = excerpt1.numUniqueTokens(); int numToks2 = excerpt2.numUniqueTokens(); if (numToks1 < numToks2) { return -1; } else if (numToks1 == numToks2) { int result = excerpt1.numFragments() - excerpt2.numFragments(); if (result == 0) { return excerpt1.hashCode() - excerpt2.hashCode(); } else { return result; } } else { return 1; } } } ); // // Iterate through all terms in the document // int lastExcerptPos = 0; for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) { // // If we find a term that's in the query... // if (highlight.contains(tokens[i].termText())) { // // Start searching at a point SUM_CONTEXT terms back, // and move SUM_CONTEXT terms into the future. // int startToken = (i > SUM_CONTEXT) ? i-SUM_CONTEXT : 0; int endToken = Math.min(i+SUM_CONTEXT, tokens.length); int offset = tokens[startToken].startOffset(); int j = startToken; // // Iterate from the start point to the finish, adding // terms all the way. The end of the passage is always // SUM_CONTEXT beyond the last query-term. // Excerpt excerpt = new Excerpt(); if (i != 0) { excerpt.add(new Summary.Ellipsis()); } // // Iterate through as long as we're before the end of // the document and we haven't hit the max-number-of-items // -in-a-summary. // while ((j < endToken) && (j - startToken < SUM_LENGTH)) { // // Now grab the hit-element, if present // Token t = tokens[j]; if (highlight.contains(t.termText())) { excerpt.addToken(t.termText()); excerpt.add(new Fragment(text.substring(offset, t.startOffset()))); excerpt.add(new Highlight(text.substring(t.startOffset(),t.endOffset()))); offset = t.endOffset(); endToken = Math.min(j+SUM_CONTEXT, tokens.length); } j++; } lastExcerptPos = endToken; // // We found the series of search-term hits and added // them (with intervening text) to the excerpt. Now // we need to add the trailing edge of text. // // So if (j < tokens.length) then there is still trailing // text to add. (We haven't hit the end of the source doc.) // Add the words since the last hit-term insert. // if (j < tokens.length) { excerpt.add(new Fragment(text.substring(offset,tokens[j].endOffset()))); } // // Remember how many terms are in this excerpt // excerpt.setNumTerms(j - startToken); // // Store the excerpt for later sorting // excerptSet.add(excerpt); // // Start SUM_CONTEXT places away. The next // search for relevant excerpts begins at i-SUM_CONTEXT // i = j+SUM_CONTEXT; } } // // If the target text doesn't appear, then we just // excerpt the first SUM_LENGTH words from the document. // if (excerptSet.size() == 0) { Excerpt excerpt = new Excerpt(); int excerptLen = Math.min(SUM_LENGTH, tokens.length); lastExcerptPos = excerptLen; excerpt.add(new Fragment(text.substring(tokens[0].startOffset(), tokens[excerptLen-1].startOffset()))); excerpt.setNumTerms(excerptLen); excerptSet.add(excerpt); } // // Now choose the best items from the excerpt set. // Stop when our Summary grows too large. // double tokenCount = 0; Summary s = new Summary(); while (tokenCount <= SUM_LENGTH && excerptSet.size() > 0) { Excerpt excerpt = (Excerpt) excerptSet.last(); excerptSet.remove(excerpt); double tokenFraction = (1.0 * excerpt.getNumTerms()) / excerpt.numFragments(); for (Enumeration e = excerpt.elements(); e.hasMoreElements(); ) { Fragment f = (Fragment) e.nextElement(); // Don't add fragments if it takes us over the max-limit if (tokenCount + tokenFraction <= SUM_LENGTH) { s.add(f); } tokenCount += tokenFraction; } } if (tokenCount > 0 && lastExcerptPos < tokens.length) s.add(new Ellipsis()); return s; } private Token[] getTokens(String text) throws IOException { ArrayList result = new ArrayList(); TokenStream ts = ANALYZER.tokenStream("content", new StringReader(text)); for (Token token = ts.next(); token != null; token = ts.next()) { result.add(token); } return (Token[])result.toArray(new Token[result.size()]); } /** * Tests Summary-generation. User inputs the name of a * text file and a query string */ public static void main(String argv[]) throws IOException { // Test arglist if (argv.length < 2) { System.out.println("Usage: java net.nutch.searcher.Summarizer <textfile> <queryStr>"); return; } Summarizer s = new Summarizer(); // // Parse the args // File textFile = new File(argv[0]); StringBuffer queryBuf = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 1; i < argv.length; i++) { queryBuf.append(argv[i]); queryBuf.append(" "); } // // Load the text file into a single string. // StringBuffer body = new StringBuffer(); BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(textFile)); try { System.out.println("About to read " + textFile + " from " + in); String str = in.readLine(); while (str != null) { body.append(str); str = in.readLine(); } } finally { in.close(); } // Convert the query string into a proper Query Query query = Query.parse(queryBuf.toString()); System.out.println("Summary: '" + s.getSummary(body.toString(), query) + "'"); } }